Machine Learning Approach to Mobile Forensics Framework for Cyber Crime Detection in Nigeria

The mobile Cyber Crime detection is challenged by number of mobile devices (internet of things), large and complex data, the size, the velocity, the nature and the complexity of the data and devices has become so high that data mining techniques are no more efficient since they cannot handle Big Data and internet of things. The aim of this research work was to develop a mobile forensics framework for cybercrime detection using machine learning approach. It started when call was detected and this detection is made by machine learning algorithm furthermore intelligent mass media towers and satellite that was proposed in this work has the ability to classified calls whether is a threat or not and send signal directly to Nigerian communication commission (NCC) forensic lab for necessary action

Artificial Intelligence Approach to Cyber Security

Cyber security is a major concern of developed and developing countries due to the high rate of attack and threat to the cyber space The aim of this research work was to develop a fuzzy logic system for cyber security Four inputs were used and three outputs was produced with their associated linguistic variables Triangular angular membership function was used to implement the system Fuzzy controller has an advantage of performing according to linguistic rules in the manner of how a human behaves The reasoning method in the fuzzy controller is also similar to that of the cyber expert handl

Awareness of hypertension and its risk factors in Maiduguri, north eastern Nigeria

Objectives: To determine the level of awareness of hypertension and its risk factors in Gwange community of Maiduguri North-eastern Nigeria. Method: A community based cross sectional study in Gwange community of Maiduguri, a major city in North-eastern Nigeria. Participants were selected through a stratified randomize sample method. Demographic data including age, gender, marital status, highest educational qualification and occupation were recorded. Information on awareness of hypertension and level of awareness of risk factors for hypertension were also obtained. Blood pressure was taken once on the left arm using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Results: In all, 485(175 females) were included. The study showed a statistically significant higher level of awareness among young individuals with declining trend with aged (p=0.01). The study also recorded a statistically significant difference in the level of awareness of hypertension among individuals with different educational levels attained, with secondary and tertiary levels of education having higher awareness (p=0.00) and also a statistically significant difference in the awareness of hypertension among different occupational groups, with higher awareness among artisans and professionals. (p=0.00). The study found 13 (6.5%) hypertensives among 199 individuals who are not aware of the risk factors for hypertension, 38 (21.6%) hypertensives among 176 individuals who are aware of one risk factor for hypertension, 12 (23.5%) hypertensives among 51 individuals who are aware of two risk factors for hypertension, and 11 (26.8%) hypertensives among 41 individuals who are aware of three or more risk factors for hypertension. Conclusion: Awareness of hypertension among hypertensives is higher than in normotensives with statistically significant higher awareness of its risk factors. Awareness is also found to be higher among people of young age group, secondary and tertiary levels of education and also among artisans and professional. Special attention should be given to those leaving in remote villages and those least aware or treated in view of the consequences of hypertension on multiple organs and regular blood pressure check should be recommended to all individuals at risk

Assessing the Effectiveness of Adhoc-Network and Electronic Government in Abuja, Nigeria

E-Government is the use of information and communication Technologies (ICT) such as internet, smart phones,telecommunication, mobile company among others to interact between government and the citizens in running the affairs of the country such as decision making etc. The impact and potential of ICTs have not been fully exploited in the Nigerian context,leaving government in a weak position to formulate policy comprehensively and implement plans effectively. In addition to the implementation of e-government in some part of the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) of Nigeria Abuja, but its effectiveness is not impressive. The citizens connection to the government is limited it can be improved more easily using electronic means of communication, A reduction in corruption cases as accountability and transparency can also be increased, Equal opportunity will be given to all to access information irrespective of the person’s physical location or disability and the elimination of the bureaucracy experienced in government offices. This research work is aimed at assessing the effectiveness of e-government in federal capital territory of Nigeria Abuja using Seoul Metropolitan Government as a yard stick for measuring the effectiveness.Questionnaire was used as a primary method of data collection, internet and library as secondary data. The data obtained from the questionnaire has been analyzed using frequency table and percentage. The findings of this work shows that 41.91% of the respondents agree e-government initiatives have decreased civil servants corruption in Abuja, 46.81% of the respondents agree that E-government services has increased citizens trust in Abuja, 58.11% of the respondents believe that E-government initiative have increased the accessibility to the government in Abuja however 37.11% agree that Lack of Information Technology (IT) infrastructure is the major problem affecting E-government in Abuja

Cybersecurity and Cyber Forensics: Machine Learning Approach Systematic Review

The proliferation of cloud computing and internet of things has led to the connectivity of states and nations (developed and developing countries) worldwide in which global network provide platform for the connection.Digital forensics is a field of computer security that uses software applications and standard guidelines which support the extraction of evidences from any computer appliances which is perfectly enough for the court of law to use and make a judgment based on the comprehensiveness, authenticity and objectivity of the information obtained. Cybersecurity is of major concerned to the internet users worldwide due to the recent form of attacks,threat, viruses, intrusion among others going on every day among internet of things. However, it is noted that cybersecurity is based on confidentiality,integrity and validity of data. The aim of this work is make a systematic review on the application of machine learning algorithms to cybersecurity and cyber forensics and pave away for further research directions on the application of deep learning, computational intelligence, soft computing to cybersecurity and cyber forensics

Risk factors for hepatitis C virus sero-positivity among haemodialysis patients receiving care at Kidney Centre in a tertiary health facility in Maiduguri, Nigeria

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important health care problem in haemodialysis. Hepatitis C virus is both a cause and complication of kidney diseases. Yet there are limited information on antibody against HCV in patients on haemodialysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-HCV and the risk factors associated with HCV infection in a cohort of 100 participants on haemodialysis. They were consecutively recruited into the study, anti-HCV testing was made by the 3rd-generation ELISA System (C-100, C-33c, C-22). The prevalence of HCV antibody was 15%, risk factors associated with HCV antibody were history of blood transfusion and duration of session of haemodialysis; the risk increased with increased with the number of blood transfusion and seasons of haemodialysis. The observed high prevalence of HCV antibody among patients on haemodialysis reflect the quality of healthcare services and the standards of infection control practices in our haemodialysis units. Routine screening for HCV should be done before blood transfusion using third generation ELISA assays with high sensitivity and specificity. Safety measures should be taken in our haemodialysis units to prevent cross infection among patients and staffs. These safety measures include; discarding syringes, needles, gloves, bloodlines and dialysers after single use, and the use of sterile dressings on each patient visit

Two decades of neuroscience publication trends in Africa.

Neuroscience research in Africa remains sparse. Devising new policies to boost Africa's neuroscience landscape is imperative, but these must be based on accurate data on research outputs which is largely lacking. Such data must reflect the heterogeneity of research environments across the continent's 54 countries. Here, we analyse neuroscience publications affiliated with African institutions between 1996 and 2017. Of 12,326 PubMed indexed publications, 5,219 show clear evidence that the work was performed in Africa and led by African-based researchers - on average ~5 per country and year. From here, we extract information on journals and citations, funding, international coauthorships and techniques used. For reference, we also extract the same metrics from 220 randomly selected publications each from the UK, USA, Australia, Japan and Brazil. Our dataset provides insights into the current state of African neuroscience research in a global context

Antibiotic resistance profiles of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from dogs and cats

Aims: Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is increasing gradually towards those antibiotics that are frequently used leading to limited therapeutic options due to multidrug resistance. The objectives of the study were to investigate the antibiotic resistance profiles of S. pseudintermedius isolates from pet and stray dogs and cats in Selangor, Malaysia and to detect the resistance genes (mecA and BlaZ) within the isolates. Methodology and results: A total of 200 stray and pet dogs and cats were sampled. The samples were cultured onto Mannitol Salt agar and all the presumptive colonies were subcultured, then identified using biochemical tests and confirmed by PCR assay targeting the nuc gene. The isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility test against 12 antibiotics. Twenty three isolates (11.5%) were positive to S. pseudintermedius (stray cats, 11/50; stray dogs, 9/50; pet dogs, 3/50 and pet cats, 0/50). One hundred percent (100%) of the S. pseudintermedius isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin, erythromycin and tetracycline while they showed 100% susceptible to oxacillin, amoxicillinclavulanic acid, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, cephalexin and rifampicin. The blaZ gene which codes for β-lactamases production was found in all of the isolates that were resistant to penicillin but not to methicillin. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: A high number of S. pseudintermedius from dogs and cats developed antibiotic resistance which is a public health concern

Occurrence of Campylobacter in dogs and cats in Selangor Malaysia and the associated risk factors

Aims: Campylobacter is the most widely reported zoonotic bacterial agent that causes enteric disease in humans worldwide with millions of cases recorded far exceeding salmonellosis in Europe and United States. The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of Campylobacter in dogs and cats and their associated risk factors. Methodology and results: A total of 101 rectal swabs were collected from both pets (n=40) and stray dogs (n=61) for the study. Similarly, a total of 86 rectal swabs were taken from stray cats (n=46) and pet cats (n=40) from client pets at a university veterinary hospital and from stray dogs and cats from animal shelters. Campylobacter were isolated by culture, identified by biochemical tests and confirmed and speciated, using mPCR assay. The result showed occurrence of Campylobacter in stray dogs and stray cats were 16.3% and 32.6% respectively, while in pet dogs and cats were 12.5 % each. Based on the mPCR assay, three species of Campylobacter were identified in dogs namely Campylobacter upsaliensis (66.6%), C. jejuni (6.7%) and C. heliviticus (20%), while C. upsaliensis (55%), C. helviticus (20%) and C. jejuni (6.7%) were identified in cats. The risk factors for the presence of Campylobacter in the animals were analysed but none was significantly associated, however the occurrence in cats was found higher in adults, females, those kept outdoors and residing in town areas, multipets household, cats with no history of being given antibiotics in past infections and being fed on raw meat and fish while the occurrence of Campylobacter was high in dogs of local breeds, females, of young age, being kept outdoors and fed raw meat and fish. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: These findings showed that Campylobacter were quite prevalent in both stray and pet dogs and cats which may contaminate other animals and spread in the environment as Campylobacters. It is of public health concern as humans can contract the disease if they do not practice proper hygiene after coming into contact with an infected animal or contaminated environment

Two decades of neuroscience publication trends in Africa

Abstract: Neuroscience research in Africa remains sparse. Devising new policies to boost Africa’s neuroscience landscape is imperative, but these must be based on accurate data on research outputs which is largely lacking. Such data must reflect the heterogeneity of research environments across the continent’s 54 countries. Here, we analyse neuroscience publications affiliated with African institutions between 1996 and 2017. Of 12,326 PubMed indexed publications, 5,219 show clear evidence that the work was performed in Africa and led by African-based researchers - on average ~5 per country and year. From here, we extract information on journals and citations, funding, international coauthorships and techniques used. For reference, we also extract the same metrics from 220 randomly selected publications each from the UK, USA, Australia, Japan and Brazil. Our dataset provides insights into the current state of African neuroscience research in a global context